Block #405,406

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 2/15/2014, 1:17:31 PM · Difficulty 10.4308 · 6,390,700 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
012a13f022251f05379650d8954b177c96ec1d4d8bb672dd1e6d2b7652bb5a12

Height

#405,406

Difficulty

10.430831

Transactions

8

Size

2.54 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a6e4aed

Nonce

158,233

Timestamp

2/15/2014, 1:17:31 PM

Confirmations

6,390,700

Merkle Root

d9003b6b09f9a5f2ca973b583aff9f2d0e7a594a7c1fd21dd73f722318d853ee
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

7.519 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
75198398854573104584…88332832987570299521
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
7.519 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
75198398854573104584…88332832987570299521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
1.503 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
15039679770914620916…76665665975140599041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
3.007 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
30079359541829241833…53331331950281198081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
6.015 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
60158719083658483667…06662663900562396161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
1.203 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
12031743816731696733…13325327801124792321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
2.406 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
24063487633463393467…26650655602249584641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
4.812 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
48126975266926786934…53301311204499169281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
9.625 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
96253950533853573868…06602622408998338561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
1.925 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
19250790106770714773…13205244817996677121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
3.850 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
38501580213541429547…26410489635993354241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,612,842 XPM·at block #6,796,105 · updates every 60s
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