Block #319,042

1CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the First Kind · Discovered 12/18/2013, 6:40:59 PM · Difficulty 10.1631 · 6,493,650 confirmations

1CC
Cunningham Chain of the First Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime plus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
96d41044150e78716d48e10a957bbd9d3655766124c8873920c109323dfa8d27

Height

#319,042

Difficulty

10.163132

Transactions

9

Size

3.12 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a29c2ff

Nonce

95,259

Timestamp

12/18/2013, 6:40:59 PM

Confirmations

6,493,650

Merkle Root

943f5808f3e193d0e3091122323f53a5c50586f6831b53d0f53b3557a80258d6
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.891 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
18910845759525269035…67740348542031142039
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin − 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin − 1
1.891 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
18910845759525269035…67740348542031142039
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
2
2^1 × origin − 1
3.782 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
37821691519050538071…35480697084062284079
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
3
2^2 × origin − 1
7.564 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
75643383038101076143…70961394168124568159
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
4
2^3 × origin − 1
1.512 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
15128676607620215228…41922788336249136319
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
5
2^4 × origin − 1
3.025 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
30257353215240430457…83845576672498272639
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
6
2^5 × origin − 1
6.051 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
60514706430480860914…67691153344996545279
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
7
2^6 × origin − 1
1.210 × 10¹⁰⁵(106-digit number)
12102941286096172182…35382306689993090559
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
8
2^7 × origin − 1
2.420 × 10¹⁰⁵(106-digit number)
24205882572192344365…70764613379986181119
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
9
2^8 × origin − 1
4.841 × 10¹⁰⁵(106-digit number)
48411765144384688731…41529226759972362239
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
10
2^9 × origin − 1
9.682 × 10¹⁰⁵(106-digit number)
96823530288769377463…83058453519944724479
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the First Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 1CC formula:

1CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ + 1, p₃ = 2p₂ + 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,745,571 XPM·at block #6,812,691 · updates every 60s
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