Home/Chain Registry/Block #319,043

Block #319,043

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 12/18/2013, 6:41:09 PM · Difficulty 10.1630 · 6,505,668 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
4f861b0b873f4e83c76de7bc4e8e164c34f51ba5c3e0f2febf14648810b925da

Height

#319,043

Difficulty

10.163002

Transactions

11

Size

3.09 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a29ba7a

Nonce

21,324

Timestamp

12/18/2013, 6:41:09 PM

Confirmations

6,505,668

Merkle Root

65563f2894f82bf0b6d9d67e3a52985f6dd22ea1b75364c96d657488d6738a09
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.226 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
12264234944596689668…39684820442683873280
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
1.226 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
12264234944596689668…39684820442683873281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
2.452 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
24528469889193379337…79369640885367746561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
4.905 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
49056939778386758674…58739281770735493121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
9.811 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
98113879556773517348…17478563541470986241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
1.962 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
19622775911354703469…34957127082941972481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
3.924 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
39245551822709406939…69914254165883944961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
7.849 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
78491103645418813878…39828508331767889921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
1.569 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
15698220729083762775…79657016663535779841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
3.139 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
31396441458167525551…59314033327071559681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
6.279 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
62792882916335051102…18628066654143119361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

View full Prime Chain Discovery page →
★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10
How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Verify on a Primecoin Node

Anyone running a Primecoin node can independently verify this block using the following RPC commands. Run these from the primecoin-cli command line or via the debug console in the Primecoin wallet.

1. Get block hash by height
getblockhash 319043

Returns the block hash for a given block height. Use this to confirm the hash shown above matches the chain.

2. Get full block data
getblock 4f861b0b873f4e83c76de7bc4e8e164c34f51ba5c3e0f2febf14648810b925da

Returns the full block header including difficulty, prime chain origin, prime chain type, transaction IDs, and all other fields shown on this page.

How to run these commands: To verify this data independently, open a terminal on your own Primecoin node and run primecoin-cli <command>. Alternatively, open the Primecoin-Qt wallet, go to Help → Debug Window → Console, and type the command directly. The node must be fully synced to this block height for the commands to return results.

Cross-reference on Chainz Explorer

Chainz is an independent Primecoin block explorer. Compare this block's data to verify accuracy.

View Block #319,043 on Chainz ↗
Circulating Supply:57,841,754 XPM·at block #6,824,710 · updates every 60s
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