Block #215,029

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 10/17/2013, 8:10:52 PM · Difficulty 9.9247 · 6,595,593 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
dc322fd4951bed6ecc76fdc573390d251024ed4c3ad3696bdf3099afd336f2d8

Height

#215,029

Difficulty

9.924747

Transactions

1

Size

4.56 KB

Version

2

Bits

09ecbc31

Nonce

1,164,736,376

Timestamp

10/17/2013, 8:10:52 PM

Confirmations

6,595,593

Merkle Root

e756086af7992d311862b1f143861424dde9fc1fdad91e8d45067822ba105733
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

5.848 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
58480530237330612800…22358466689559212001
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
5.848 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
58480530237330612800…22358466689559212001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
1.169 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
11696106047466122560…44716933379118424001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
2.339 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
23392212094932245120…89433866758236848001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
4.678 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
46784424189864490240…78867733516473696001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
9.356 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
93568848379728980481…57735467032947392001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
1.871 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
18713769675945796096…15470934065894784001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
3.742 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
37427539351891592192…30941868131789568001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
7.485 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
74855078703783184384…61883736263579136001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
1.497 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
14971015740756636876…23767472527158272001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,729,061 XPM·at block #6,810,621 · updates every 60s
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