Home/Chain Registry/Block #2,456,184

Block #2,456,184

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 1/3/2018, 8:24:27 PM · Difficulty 10.9531 · 4,389,472 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
98f7c57da26455ab3685502067a94cac8462943336ad7774267e244a1f8f7f5b

Difficulty

10.953142

Transactions

32

Size

11.36 KB

Version

2

Bits

0af40121

Nonce

1,974,041,576

Timestamp

1/3/2018, 8:24:27 PM

Confirmations

4,389,472

Merkle Root

f5fb82355a307071aa07333319fd3f0146f9a9d76e64a1e7feaa280dee43499e
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.461 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
24618072680646223094…03984317576688550400
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
2.461 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
24618072680646223094…03984317576688550399
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
2.461 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
24618072680646223094…03984317576688550401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
4.923 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
49236145361292446188…07968635153377100799
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
4.923 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
49236145361292446188…07968635153377100801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
9.847 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
98472290722584892376…15937270306754201599
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
9.847 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
98472290722584892376…15937270306754201601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
1.969 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
19694458144516978475…31874540613508403199
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
1.969 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
19694458144516978475…31874540613508403201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
3.938 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
39388916289033956950…63749081227016806399
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
3.938 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
39388916289033956950…63749081227016806401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

View full Prime Chain Discovery page →
★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10
How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Verify on a Primecoin Node

Anyone running a Primecoin node can independently verify this block using the following RPC commands. Run these from the primecoin-cli command line or via the debug console in the Primecoin wallet.

1. Get block hash by height
getblockhash 2456184

Returns the block hash for a given block height. Use this to confirm the hash shown above matches the chain.

2. Get full block data
getblock 98f7c57da26455ab3685502067a94cac8462943336ad7774267e244a1f8f7f5b

Returns the full block header including difficulty, prime chain origin, prime chain type, transaction IDs, and all other fields shown on this page.

How to run these commands: To verify this data independently, open a terminal on your own Primecoin node and run primecoin-cli <command>. Alternatively, open the Primecoin-Qt wallet, go to Help → Debug Window → Console, and type the command directly. The node must be fully synced to this block height for the commands to return results.

Cross-reference on Chainz Explorer

Chainz is an independent Primecoin block explorer. Compare this block's data to verify accuracy.

View Block #2,456,184 on Chainz ↗
Circulating Supply:58,009,697 XPM·at block #6,845,655 · updates every 60s
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