Home/Chain Registry/Block #105,345

Block #105,345

TWNLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 8/8/2013, 11:40:28 AM · Difficulty 9.5819 · 6,721,439 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
65d1ad553bb7d0fbe972e67a9d2f79943a35bfece6c9774a70424b035651821d

Height

#105,345

Difficulty

9.581902

Transactions

8

Size

1.67 KB

Version

2

Bits

0994f785

Nonce

111,718

Timestamp

8/8/2013, 11:40:28 AM

Confirmations

6,721,439

Merkle Root

fd6b6f12b9f99c55877c3df61b01b29c390a124222ded90f53269191ce5a4a2a
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

7.642 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
76427005094802114422…60246189912014419980
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
7.642 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
76427005094802114422…60246189912014419979
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
7.642 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
76427005094802114422…60246189912014419981
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
1.528 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
15285401018960422884…20492379824028839959
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
1.528 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
15285401018960422884…20492379824028839961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
3.057 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
30570802037920845769…40984759648057679919
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
3.057 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
30570802037920845769…40984759648057679921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
6.114 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
61141604075841691538…81969519296115359839
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
6.114 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
61141604075841691538…81969519296115359841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
1.222 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
12228320815168338307…63939038592230719679
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

View full Prime Chain Discovery page →
★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9
How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Verify on a Primecoin Node

Anyone running a Primecoin node can independently verify this block using the following RPC commands. Run these from the primecoin-cli command line or via the debug console in the Primecoin wallet.

1. Get block hash by height
getblockhash 105345

Returns the block hash for a given block height. Use this to confirm the hash shown above matches the chain.

2. Get full block data
getblock 65d1ad553bb7d0fbe972e67a9d2f79943a35bfece6c9774a70424b035651821d

Returns the full block header including difficulty, prime chain origin, prime chain type, transaction IDs, and all other fields shown on this page.

How to run these commands: To verify this data independently, open a terminal on your own Primecoin node and run primecoin-cli <command>. Alternatively, open the Primecoin-Qt wallet, go to Help → Debug Window → Console, and type the command directly. The node must be fully synced to this block height for the commands to return results.

Cross-reference on Chainz Explorer

Chainz is an independent Primecoin block explorer. Compare this block's data to verify accuracy.

View Block #105,345 on Chainz ↗
Circulating Supply:57,858,432 XPM·at block #6,826,783 · updates every 60s
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