Home/Chain Registry/Block #3,236,820

Block #3,236,820

TWNLength 11★★★☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 6/23/2019, 1:21:57 AM · Difficulty 10.9960 · 3,607,208 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
4298963745397ee102a148274b3f145e5db9d714286b360c92c2b2f30efde12c

Difficulty

10.996043

Transactions

30

Size

6.59 KB

Version

2

Bits

0afefca8

Nonce

930,979,566

Timestamp

6/23/2019, 1:21:57 AM

Confirmations

3,607,208

Merkle Root

7d03ca266527c9b0c5fcd8888390af451ce3389a36c4ce02d716f80fb4890011
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

3.067 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
30679060707605602594…39629457408229412240
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
3.067 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
30679060707605602594…39629457408229412239
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
3.067 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
30679060707605602594…39629457408229412241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
6.135 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
61358121415211205189…79258914816458824479
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
6.135 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
61358121415211205189…79258914816458824481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
1.227 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
12271624283042241037…58517829632917648959
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
1.227 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
12271624283042241037…58517829632917648961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
2.454 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
24543248566084482075…17035659265835297919
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
2.454 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
24543248566084482075…17035659265835297921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
4.908 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
49086497132168964151…34071318531670595839
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
4.908 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
49086497132168964151…34071318531670595841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 5 — Twin Prime Pair (2^5 × origin ± 1)
2^5 × origin − 1
9.817 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
98172994264337928303…68142637063341191679
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 11 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

View full Prime Chain Discovery page →
★★★☆☆
Rarity
RareChain length 11
How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Verify on a Primecoin Node

Anyone running a Primecoin node can independently verify this block using the following RPC commands. Run these from the primecoin-cli command line or via the debug console in the Primecoin wallet.

1. Get block hash by height
getblockhash 3236820

Returns the block hash for a given block height. Use this to confirm the hash shown above matches the chain.

2. Get full block data
getblock 4298963745397ee102a148274b3f145e5db9d714286b360c92c2b2f30efde12c

Returns the full block header including difficulty, prime chain origin, prime chain type, transaction IDs, and all other fields shown on this page.

How to run these commands: To verify this data independently, open a terminal on your own Primecoin node and run primecoin-cli <command>. Alternatively, open the Primecoin-Qt wallet, go to Help → Debug Window → Console, and type the command directly. The node must be fully synced to this block height for the commands to return results.

Cross-reference on Chainz Explorer

Chainz is an independent Primecoin block explorer. Compare this block's data to verify accuracy.

View Block #3,236,820 on Chainz ↗
Circulating Supply:57,996,601 XPM·at block #6,844,027 · updates every 60s
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