Block #99,649

1CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the First Kind · Discovered 8/5/2013, 7:17:21 PM · Difficulty 9.3950 · 6,711,207 confirmations

1CC
Cunningham Chain of the First Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime plus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
3ac04adeaf3a540ebfe3f782126101e68b84a11484dc7b20035c988155a8d3fc

Height

#99,649

Difficulty

9.395027

Transactions

3

Size

585 B

Version

2

Bits

0965207d

Nonce

169,351

Timestamp

8/5/2013, 7:17:21 PM

Confirmations

6,711,207

Merkle Root

c9f3df2bd89fac5eefdf6e4fca9f17d1931eac2058ca1f804dc3be4470b7012b
Transactions (3)
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

4.040 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
40405242564611932353…15514268682135521919
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin − 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin − 1
4.040 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
40405242564611932353…15514268682135521919
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
2
2^1 × origin − 1
8.081 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
80810485129223864707…31028537364271043839
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
3
2^2 × origin − 1
1.616 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
16162097025844772941…62057074728542087679
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
4
2^3 × origin − 1
3.232 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
32324194051689545882…24114149457084175359
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
5
2^4 × origin − 1
6.464 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
64648388103379091765…48228298914168350719
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
6
2^5 × origin − 1
1.292 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
12929677620675818353…96456597828336701439
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
7
2^6 × origin − 1
2.585 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
25859355241351636706…92913195656673402879
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
8
2^7 × origin − 1
5.171 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
51718710482703273412…85826391313346805759
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
9
2^8 × origin − 1
1.034 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
10343742096540654682…71652782626693611519
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the First Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 1CC formula:

1CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ + 1, p₃ = 2p₂ + 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,730,943 XPM·at block #6,810,855 · updates every 60s
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