Block #92,157

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 8/1/2013, 12:20:21 PM · Difficulty 9.2039 · 6,718,348 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
45cd0901fad7e28f89cda10bc0e07ae9b03b26f35b74737aea05be0320360747

Height

#92,157

Difficulty

9.203946

Transactions

2

Size

4.39 KB

Version

2

Bits

093435d4

Nonce

131,478

Timestamp

8/1/2013, 12:20:21 PM

Confirmations

6,718,348

Merkle Root

36d8635cdd688ff52ee672d49fb8432bfbbc93e0d368c65b1c359c278922197f
Transactions (2)
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

5.851 × 10¹¹⁴(115-digit number)
58511505158863389337…48901690608595628271
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
5.851 × 10¹¹⁴(115-digit number)
58511505158863389337…48901690608595628271
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
1.170 × 10¹¹⁵(116-digit number)
11702301031772677867…97803381217191256541
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
2.340 × 10¹¹⁵(116-digit number)
23404602063545355734…95606762434382513081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
4.680 × 10¹¹⁵(116-digit number)
46809204127090711469…91213524868765026161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
9.361 × 10¹¹⁵(116-digit number)
93618408254181422939…82427049737530052321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
1.872 × 10¹¹⁶(117-digit number)
18723681650836284587…64854099475060104641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
3.744 × 10¹¹⁶(117-digit number)
37447363301672569175…29708198950120209281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
7.489 × 10¹¹⁶(117-digit number)
74894726603345138351…59416397900240418561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
1.497 × 10¹¹⁷(118-digit number)
14978945320669027670…18832795800480837121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,728,123 XPM·at block #6,810,504 · updates every 60s
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