Block #911,561

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 1/27/2015, 5:03:50 AM · Difficulty 10.9309 · 5,892,031 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
e33aadca0612b9a0a90f2302344e4509982e56a54452f459ca8900725bb2ea04

Height

#911,561

Difficulty

10.930899

Transactions

16

Size

28.87 KB

Version

2

Bits

0aee4f6d

Nonce

2,506,413,107

Timestamp

1/27/2015, 5:03:50 AM

Confirmations

5,892,031

Merkle Root

9569b13fdd6461a7bc48cbfc93cf2aedb990dbb01176be005531e0800e6b1099
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.065 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
20653927711956172559…03216087938477916159
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
2.065 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
20653927711956172559…03216087938477916159
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
2.065 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
20653927711956172559…03216087938477916161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
4.130 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
41307855423912345118…06432175876955832319
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
4.130 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
41307855423912345118…06432175876955832321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
8.261 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
82615710847824690237…12864351753911664639
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
8.261 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
82615710847824690237…12864351753911664641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
1.652 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
16523142169564938047…25728703507823329279
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
1.652 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
16523142169564938047…25728703507823329281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
3.304 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
33046284339129876095…51457407015646658559
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
3.304 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
33046284339129876095…51457407015646658561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,672,773 XPM·at block #6,803,591 · updates every 60s
xpmprime.info is a work in progress. If you enjoy using this service you can support this project with a Primecoin donation.