Block #911,412

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 1/27/2015, 1:59:51 AM · Difficulty 10.9313 · 5,902,734 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
d0cf4fb938f566d98d000157d784e1d4ca85684acbe55af339647e5fa6de7c16

Height

#911,412

Difficulty

10.931320

Transactions

17

Size

3.69 KB

Version

2

Bits

0aee6afb

Nonce

2,548,011,507

Timestamp

1/27/2015, 1:59:51 AM

Confirmations

5,902,734

Merkle Root

0e44d5d5e4d8c9943ee42acb0d88a6252aad641aa679bd9d0d3eab8b850b058b
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

3.331 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
33316133529150351933…49676402787878442239
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
3.331 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
33316133529150351933…49676402787878442239
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
3.331 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
33316133529150351933…49676402787878442241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
6.663 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
66632267058300703867…99352805575756884479
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
6.663 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
66632267058300703867…99352805575756884481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
1.332 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
13326453411660140773…98705611151513768959
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
1.332 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
13326453411660140773…98705611151513768961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
2.665 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
26652906823320281547…97411222303027537919
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
2.665 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
26652906823320281547…97411222303027537921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
5.330 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
53305813646640563094…94822444606055075839
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
5.330 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
53305813646640563094…94822444606055075841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,757,246 XPM·at block #6,814,145 · updates every 60s
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