Block #909,364

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 1/25/2015, 11:55:15 AM · Difficulty 10.9344 · 5,935,450 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
5712fab19ab288769e6ac302d8677cd782fd4214d7f3d71f06b7100276a14314

Height

#909,364

Difficulty

10.934430

Transactions

13

Size

2.55 KB

Version

2

Bits

0aef36d6

Nonce

1,551,554,348

Timestamp

1/25/2015, 11:55:15 AM

Confirmations

5,935,450

Merkle Root

f31de9271b3000187d1642e1bae6892737ea51ba9c90b63397ac77a05d9938c2
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.602 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
16021597353284534396…64957538746870543119
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
1.602 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
16021597353284534396…64957538746870543119
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
1.602 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
16021597353284534396…64957538746870543121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
3.204 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
32043194706569068793…29915077493741086239
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
3.204 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
32043194706569068793…29915077493741086241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
6.408 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
64086389413138137586…59830154987482172479
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
6.408 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
64086389413138137586…59830154987482172481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
1.281 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
12817277882627627517…19660309974964344959
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
1.281 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
12817277882627627517…19660309974964344961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
2.563 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
25634555765255255034…39320619949928689919
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
2.563 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
25634555765255255034…39320619949928689921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:58,002,919 XPM·at block #6,844,813 · updates every 60s
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