Block #906,139

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 1/23/2015, 4:31:11 AM · Difficulty 10.9356 · 5,889,914 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
008c7d910fbdec35a82b4c4b359492049f934d10d04f91bad4071110bf1c4340

Height

#906,139

Difficulty

10.935595

Transactions

6

Size

4.63 KB

Version

2

Bits

0aef832e

Nonce

82,806,847

Timestamp

1/23/2015, 4:31:11 AM

Confirmations

5,889,914

Merkle Root

d9943a13f1ba7c0291dcc8e72eb4c31507efadb5f0ace28a18fc203732263c32
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.299 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
12990061417975864864…26969961895086044159
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
1.299 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
12990061417975864864…26969961895086044159
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
1.299 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
12990061417975864864…26969961895086044161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
2.598 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
25980122835951729728…53939923790172088319
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
2.598 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
25980122835951729728…53939923790172088321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
5.196 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
51960245671903459456…07879847580344176639
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
5.196 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
51960245671903459456…07879847580344176641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
1.039 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
10392049134380691891…15759695160688353279
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
1.039 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
10392049134380691891…15759695160688353281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
2.078 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
20784098268761383782…31519390321376706559
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
2.078 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
20784098268761383782…31519390321376706561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,612,518 XPM·at block #6,796,052 · updates every 60s
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