Block #902,705

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 1/20/2015, 1:46:59 PM · Difficulty 10.9396 · 5,942,068 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
ac128237d8b133368d62e0142a184dbaeab30fef1b4ead9a88c8227d035696d2

Height

#902,705

Difficulty

10.939568

Transactions

6

Size

2.03 KB

Version

2

Bits

0af08782

Nonce

1,328,537,813

Timestamp

1/20/2015, 1:46:59 PM

Confirmations

5,942,068

Merkle Root

adda3e5272b3dab6c91969f87df64710d8f034f54aa23138fe12d45a805253c3
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.423 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
24230730598034942504…99014894700707206199
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
2.423 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
24230730598034942504…99014894700707206199
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
2.423 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
24230730598034942504…99014894700707206201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
4.846 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
48461461196069885008…98029789401414412399
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
4.846 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
48461461196069885008…98029789401414412401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
9.692 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
96922922392139770017…96059578802828824799
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
9.692 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
96922922392139770017…96059578802828824801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
1.938 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
19384584478427954003…92119157605657649599
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
1.938 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
19384584478427954003…92119157605657649601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
3.876 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
38769168956855908006…84238315211315299199
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
3.876 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
38769168956855908006…84238315211315299201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:58,002,597 XPM·at block #6,844,772 · updates every 60s
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