Block #901,442

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 1/19/2015, 1:39:38 PM · Difficulty 10.9417 · 5,896,431 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
640151503f06b8dc1bb0bc733cba10b38e4e237f86da69d036c74f1b48078e91

Height

#901,442

Difficulty

10.941701

Transactions

11

Size

6.02 KB

Version

2

Bits

0af11359

Nonce

636,602,734

Timestamp

1/19/2015, 1:39:38 PM

Confirmations

5,896,431

Merkle Root

fd582aeab14d653050acd4d64af581b9404208983ab24616bb66f4b75fbd3b84
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

6.802 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
68029486105080454523…52296692747167612089
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
6.802 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
68029486105080454523…52296692747167612089
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
6.802 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
68029486105080454523…52296692747167612091
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
1.360 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
13605897221016090904…04593385494335224179
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
1.360 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
13605897221016090904…04593385494335224181
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
2.721 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
27211794442032181809…09186770988670448359
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
2.721 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
27211794442032181809…09186770988670448361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
5.442 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
54423588884064363618…18373541977340896719
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
5.442 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
54423588884064363618…18373541977340896721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
1.088 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
10884717776812872723…36747083954681793439
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
1.088 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
10884717776812872723…36747083954681793441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,626,972 XPM·at block #6,797,872 · updates every 60s
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