Block #88,527

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 7/29/2013, 4:41:30 PM · Difficulty 9.2685 · 6,708,313 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
670a60104df81fe22b310287aa0ab480b0cc6adf8cd331e673a8569694c0fe2b

Height

#88,527

Difficulty

9.268487

Transactions

2

Size

872 B

Version

2

Bits

0944bb8d

Nonce

76,884

Timestamp

7/29/2013, 4:41:30 PM

Confirmations

6,708,313

Merkle Root

3d936f34b9fa58e1e853394c7ae52d715e05b5c078a079a2ca126d6705975b07
Transactions (2)
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.051 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
10519650740285373919…83896547299173079121
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
1.051 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
10519650740285373919…83896547299173079121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
2.103 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
21039301480570747839…67793094598346158241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
4.207 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
42078602961141495678…35586189196692316481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
8.415 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
84157205922282991357…71172378393384632961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
1.683 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
16831441184456598271…42344756786769265921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
3.366 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
33662882368913196542…84689513573538531841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
6.732 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
67325764737826393085…69379027147077063681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
1.346 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
13465152947565278617…38758054294154127361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
2.693 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
26930305895130557234…77516108588308254721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,618,732 XPM·at block #6,796,839 · updates every 60s
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