Block #883,874

TWNLength 11★★★☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 1/6/2015, 2:43:00 AM · Difficulty 10.9588 · 5,928,394 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
f17e46d8debd4d3513fac334bfc6d8f57eb9e4704b0642f8c8223bc96ee5c365

Height

#883,874

Difficulty

10.958811

Transactions

7

Size

1.96 KB

Version

2

Bits

0af5749c

Nonce

2,172,359,463

Timestamp

1/6/2015, 2:43:00 AM

Confirmations

5,928,394

Merkle Root

cc4f164a1dc11774367490873b900b3aad1b457f30e98baadf213fd0730a0b96
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

7.691 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
76911237799734892778…16496186039755571199
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
7.691 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
76911237799734892778…16496186039755571199
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
7.691 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
76911237799734892778…16496186039755571201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
1.538 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
15382247559946978555…32992372079511142399
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
1.538 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
15382247559946978555…32992372079511142401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
3.076 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
30764495119893957111…65984744159022284799
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
3.076 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
30764495119893957111…65984744159022284801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
6.152 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
61528990239787914222…31969488318044569599
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
6.152 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
61528990239787914222…31969488318044569601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
1.230 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
12305798047957582844…63938976636089139199
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
1.230 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
12305798047957582844…63938976636089139201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 5 — Twin Prime Pair (2^5 × origin ± 1)
2^5 × origin − 1
2.461 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
24611596095915165689…27877953272178278399
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 11 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★★☆☆
Rarity
RareChain length 11

Approximately 1 in 1,000 blocks. Noteworthy discoveries.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,742,161 XPM·at block #6,812,267 · updates every 60s
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