Block #864,478

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 12/23/2014, 6:12:20 AM · Difficulty 10.9626 · 5,934,094 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
b86333aca2936fc7b109cd50db0a8a3278f389991c73f21e0e86ad241bf080b1

Height

#864,478

Difficulty

10.962555

Transactions

7

Size

2.11 KB

Version

2

Bits

0af669fe

Nonce

2,221,619,169

Timestamp

12/23/2014, 6:12:20 AM

Confirmations

5,934,094

Merkle Root

806b9a020050b947e89b68bd33135d5ca9ab1574219754d3bc322ccbb1de0afb
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

3.753 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
37538452925260415997…10628163708449237101
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
3.753 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
37538452925260415997…10628163708449237101
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
7.507 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
75076905850520831995…21256327416898474201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.501 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
15015381170104166399…42512654833796948401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
3.003 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
30030762340208332798…85025309667593896801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
6.006 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
60061524680416665596…70050619335187793601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
1.201 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
12012304936083333119…40101238670375587201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
2.402 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
24024609872166666238…80202477340751174401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
4.804 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
48049219744333332476…60404954681502348801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
9.609 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
96098439488666664953…20809909363004697601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
1.921 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
19219687897733332990…41619818726009395201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,632,594 XPM·at block #6,798,571 · updates every 60s
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