Block #863,611

2CCLength 11★★★☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 12/22/2014, 3:08:42 PM · Difficulty 10.9628 · 5,942,221 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
9911418101349b8f1553c1388c5647eab1d347bff524560b19bb9c2805c32285

Height

#863,611

Difficulty

10.962756

Transactions

13

Size

3.02 KB

Version

2

Bits

0af67733

Nonce

235,138,290

Timestamp

12/22/2014, 3:08:42 PM

Confirmations

5,942,221

Merkle Root

089b91f20eece50462d32c5d0346cb9852565517cb8a460382500288f70134c8
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

8.563 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
85630928506162026891…95654279392392284801
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
8.563 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
85630928506162026891…95654279392392284801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
1.712 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
17126185701232405378…91308558784784569601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
3.425 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
34252371402464810756…82617117569569139201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
6.850 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
68504742804929621512…65234235139138278401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
1.370 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
13700948560985924302…30468470278276556801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
2.740 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
27401897121971848605…60936940556553113601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
5.480 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
54803794243943697210…21873881113106227201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
1.096 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
10960758848788739442…43747762226212454401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
2.192 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
21921517697577478884…87495524452424908801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
4.384 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
43843035395154957768…74991048904849817601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
11
2^10 × origin + 1
8.768 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
87686070790309915536…49982097809699635201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 11 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★★☆☆
Rarity
RareChain length 11

Approximately 1 in 1,000 blocks. Noteworthy discoveries.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,690,743 XPM·at block #6,805,831 · updates every 60s
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