Block #858,562

2CCLength 11★★★☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 12/18/2014, 5:39:37 PM · Difficulty 10.9665 · 5,980,173 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
1f0686aa17e8d36077b4c940a2ee0dd20c05f0d17148aff0c1926e860f5fc63d

Height

#858,562

Difficulty

10.966534

Transactions

5

Size

1.08 KB

Version

2

Bits

0af76ebf

Nonce

1,724,378,825

Timestamp

12/18/2014, 5:39:37 PM

Confirmations

5,980,173

Merkle Root

388aec56b5d7df8b0712f9e3298b0007c99f7500cbfd2db539cfd3c29566cffd
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.528 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
15282205309722334477…96054697584969451521
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
1.528 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
15282205309722334477…96054697584969451521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
3.056 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
30564410619444668954…92109395169938903041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
6.112 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
61128821238889337908…84218790339877806081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
1.222 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
12225764247777867581…68437580679755612161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
2.445 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
24451528495555735163…36875161359511224321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
4.890 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
48903056991111470326…73750322719022448641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
9.780 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
97806113982222940653…47500645438044897281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
1.956 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
19561222796444588130…95001290876089794561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
3.912 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
39122445592889176261…90002581752179589121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
7.824 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
78244891185778352522…80005163504359178241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
11
2^10 × origin + 1
1.564 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
15648978237155670504…60010327008718356481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 11 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★★☆☆
Rarity
RareChain length 11

Approximately 1 in 1,000 blocks. Noteworthy discoveries.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,954,137 XPM·at block #6,838,734 · updates every 60s
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