Block #85,630

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 7/27/2013, 1:41:00 PM · Difficulty 9.2915 · 6,710,177 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
8148c60f1ceaa85f1e72cbd166115bae23a311a0e7b7ccb47744ee90737d1e20

Height

#85,630

Difficulty

9.291549

Transactions

1

Size

207 B

Version

2

Bits

094aa2f9

Nonce

73,601

Timestamp

7/27/2013, 1:41:00 PM

Confirmations

6,710,177

Merkle Root

4ec46e5d96eb5b4288753fd9b13485844f29d039907804d950599e8f4a0f90d0
Transactions (1)
1 in → 1 out11.5700 XPM109 B
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.192 × 10¹¹³(114-digit number)
21928435742776615028…51995449790432148961
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
2.192 × 10¹¹³(114-digit number)
21928435742776615028…51995449790432148961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
4.385 × 10¹¹³(114-digit number)
43856871485553230056…03990899580864297921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
8.771 × 10¹¹³(114-digit number)
87713742971106460112…07981799161728595841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
1.754 × 10¹¹⁴(115-digit number)
17542748594221292022…15963598323457191681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
3.508 × 10¹¹⁴(115-digit number)
35085497188442584045…31927196646914383361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
7.017 × 10¹¹⁴(115-digit number)
70170994376885168090…63854393293828766721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.403 × 10¹¹⁵(116-digit number)
14034198875377033618…27708786587657533441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
2.806 × 10¹¹⁵(116-digit number)
28068397750754067236…55417573175315066881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
5.613 × 10¹¹⁵(116-digit number)
56136795501508134472…10835146350630133761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,610,535 XPM·at block #6,795,806 · updates every 60s
xpmprime.info is a work in progress. If you enjoy using this service you can support this project with a Primecoin donation.