Block #855,870

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 12/16/2014, 4:23:50 PM · Difficulty 10.9682 · 5,977,764 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
8c69c2f16a16200ae164b241737146b6925c90669ccc7684ebf17dbc6d75f39d

Height

#855,870

Difficulty

10.968157

Transactions

3

Size

660 B

Version

2

Bits

0af7d92a

Nonce

1,083,947,729

Timestamp

12/16/2014, 4:23:50 PM

Confirmations

5,977,764

Merkle Root

d7bf243b9db606496ca782fa1454ea0a1dd876c93b165a242f5b92d4dd5da1f0
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.783 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
17837583291563100568…79327147312946128641
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
1.783 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
17837583291563100568…79327147312946128641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
3.567 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
35675166583126201137…58654294625892257281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
7.135 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
71350333166252402275…17308589251784514561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
1.427 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
14270066633250480455…34617178503569029121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
2.854 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
28540133266500960910…69234357007138058241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
5.708 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
57080266533001921820…38468714014276116481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.141 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
11416053306600384364…76937428028552232961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
2.283 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
22832106613200768728…53874856057104465921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
4.566 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
45664213226401537456…07749712114208931841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
9.132 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
91328426452803074912…15499424228417863681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,913,283 XPM·at block #6,833,633 · updates every 60s
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