Block #846,808

TWNLength 11★★★☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 12/9/2014, 9:24:07 PM · Difficulty 10.9721 · 5,996,143 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
8f94672464f535e46106990618cae930271e48850e1a78a12a10891327af9527

Height

#846,808

Difficulty

10.972116

Transactions

12

Size

4.04 KB

Version

2

Bits

0af8dc93

Nonce

160,457,982

Timestamp

12/9/2014, 9:24:07 PM

Confirmations

5,996,143

Merkle Root

035245a60ad125c90b9230eb0580a78bc93709e78473f311f261ab03a72654ee
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.379 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
13792144117033620112…62106637044966022719
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
1.379 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
13792144117033620112…62106637044966022719
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
1.379 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
13792144117033620112…62106637044966022721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
2.758 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
27584288234067240224…24213274089932045439
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
2.758 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
27584288234067240224…24213274089932045441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
5.516 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
55168576468134480449…48426548179864090879
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
5.516 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
55168576468134480449…48426548179864090881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
1.103 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
11033715293626896089…96853096359728181759
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
1.103 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
11033715293626896089…96853096359728181761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
2.206 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
22067430587253792179…93706192719456363519
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
2.206 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
22067430587253792179…93706192719456363521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 5 — Twin Prime Pair (2^5 × origin ± 1)
2^5 × origin − 1
4.413 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
44134861174507584359…87412385438912727039
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 11 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★★☆☆
Rarity
RareChain length 11

Approximately 1 in 1,000 blocks. Noteworthy discoveries.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,987,960 XPM·at block #6,842,950 · updates every 60s
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