Block #844,041

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 12/7/2014, 8:31:42 PM · Difficulty 10.9730 · 5,996,271 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
dead3565eb0149cf165ba9fc6021913412e943851d682b9d48f18d7dccf10004

Height

#844,041

Difficulty

10.972951

Transactions

15

Size

4.05 KB

Version

2

Bits

0af91355

Nonce

880,840,497

Timestamp

12/7/2014, 8:31:42 PM

Confirmations

5,996,271

Merkle Root

7307d078c6d0b85b5b3ea77ffabefd04fa6459deb1791583f7c61e6c737a3438
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.446 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
24467460623267079713…26684591092072871359
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
2.446 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
24467460623267079713…26684591092072871359
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
2.446 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
24467460623267079713…26684591092072871361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
4.893 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
48934921246534159426…53369182184145742719
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
4.893 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
48934921246534159426…53369182184145742721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
9.786 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
97869842493068318852…06738364368291485439
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
9.786 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
97869842493068318852…06738364368291485441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
1.957 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
19573968498613663770…13476728736582970879
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
1.957 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
19573968498613663770…13476728736582970881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
3.914 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
39147936997227327541…26953457473165941759
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
3.914 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
39147936997227327541…26953457473165941761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,966,814 XPM·at block #6,840,311 · updates every 60s
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