Block #843,798

TWNLength 11★★★☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 12/7/2014, 4:12:48 PM · Difficulty 10.9730 · 5,983,145 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
6ec956d469e1cddeeb1fa836973e83effa13bc1d8eac9dd2b026b0675709b4b4

Height

#843,798

Difficulty

10.973012

Transactions

9

Size

1.97 KB

Version

2

Bits

0af91749

Nonce

110,887,748

Timestamp

12/7/2014, 4:12:48 PM

Confirmations

5,983,145

Merkle Root

e0a9e623effc463c259459e2f818f059f4450ab64358399a7b91a9e50dca2cc7
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

3.233 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
32338970800836457664…26955257394817852799
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
3.233 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
32338970800836457664…26955257394817852799
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
3.233 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
32338970800836457664…26955257394817852801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
6.467 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
64677941601672915329…53910514789635705599
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
6.467 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
64677941601672915329…53910514789635705601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
1.293 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
12935588320334583065…07821029579271411199
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
1.293 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
12935588320334583065…07821029579271411201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
2.587 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
25871176640669166131…15642059158542822399
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
2.587 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
25871176640669166131…15642059158542822401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
5.174 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
51742353281338332263…31284118317085644799
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
5.174 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
51742353281338332263…31284118317085644801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 5 — Twin Prime Pair (2^5 × origin ± 1)
2^5 × origin − 1
1.034 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
10348470656267666452…62568236634171289599
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 11 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★★☆☆
Rarity
RareChain length 11

Approximately 1 in 1,000 blocks. Noteworthy discoveries.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,859,718 XPM·at block #6,826,942 · updates every 60s
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