Block #843,010

2CCLength 12★★★★☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 12/7/2014, 2:12:51 AM · Difficulty 10.9733 · 5,962,190 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
59f9a139c7cf8a2e53b2d0111fb4790257bffa3dc496fbff63b6096a8ac7cecb

Height

#843,010

Difficulty

10.973275

Transactions

17

Size

4.74 KB

Version

2

Bits

0af9288a

Nonce

1,007,739,768

Timestamp

12/7/2014, 2:12:51 AM

Confirmations

5,962,190

Merkle Root

fd38ade251630f3d70d82f76b857a58309c08edadb2dc2e690574577a27cd0c9
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.239 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
12391604639049012413…23554953310037338561
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
1.239 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
12391604639049012413…23554953310037338561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
2.478 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
24783209278098024827…47109906620074677121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
4.956 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
49566418556196049655…94219813240149354241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
9.913 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
99132837112392099310…88439626480298708481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
1.982 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
19826567422478419862…76879252960597416961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
3.965 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
39653134844956839724…53758505921194833921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
7.930 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
79306269689913679448…07517011842389667841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
1.586 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
15861253937982735889…15034023684779335681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
3.172 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
31722507875965471779…30068047369558671361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
6.344 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
63445015751930943558…60136094739117342721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
11
2^10 × origin + 1
1.268 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
12689003150386188711…20272189478234685441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
12
2^11 × origin + 1
2.537 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
25378006300772377423…40544378956469370881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 12 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★★★☆
Rarity
ExceptionalChain length 12

Around 1 in 10,000 blocks. A significant mathematical achievement.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,685,670 XPM·at block #6,805,199 · updates every 60s
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