Block #842,840

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 12/6/2014, 10:53:50 PM · Difficulty 10.9734 · 5,999,150 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
592f5563822526c352f567b0fdda8c5448e0b7460d9a46cd00fe649e80a1ae79

Height

#842,840

Difficulty

10.973420

Transactions

9

Size

1.97 KB

Version

2

Bits

0af93214

Nonce

69,946,240

Timestamp

12/6/2014, 10:53:50 PM

Confirmations

5,999,150

Merkle Root

3c5c0e009d7e5e634e63e25cd68ad710a631ecdd7af5bbc9fa440f0a97d7f5d9
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.507 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
15075870345116680299…30497259394133871359
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
1.507 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
15075870345116680299…30497259394133871359
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
1.507 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
15075870345116680299…30497259394133871361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
3.015 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
30151740690233360599…60994518788267742719
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
3.015 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
30151740690233360599…60994518788267742721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
6.030 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
60303481380466721199…21989037576535485439
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
6.030 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
60303481380466721199…21989037576535485441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
1.206 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
12060696276093344239…43978075153070970879
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
1.206 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
12060696276093344239…43978075153070970881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
2.412 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
24121392552186688479…87956150306141941759
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
2.412 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
24121392552186688479…87956150306141941761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,980,307 XPM·at block #6,841,989 · updates every 60s
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