Block #841,735

TWNLength 11★★★☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 12/6/2014, 2:43:01 AM · Difficulty 10.9739 · 6,000,724 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
e89d224d75b10775c8d30075781f3b1d8131e039f1119059e1d71ee8cd12d96d

Height

#841,735

Difficulty

10.973937

Transactions

10

Size

2.53 KB

Version

2

Bits

0af953ed

Nonce

432,921,298

Timestamp

12/6/2014, 2:43:01 AM

Confirmations

6,000,724

Merkle Root

22079912f30d0c9f1929cc943b96567d82e5495726d2dab0fa49328058532a9f
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

4.915 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
49156991399455906937…72345239421207859199
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
4.915 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
49156991399455906937…72345239421207859199
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
4.915 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
49156991399455906937…72345239421207859201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
9.831 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
98313982798911813875…44690478842415718399
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
9.831 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
98313982798911813875…44690478842415718401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
1.966 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
19662796559782362775…89380957684831436799
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
1.966 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
19662796559782362775…89380957684831436801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
3.932 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
39325593119564725550…78761915369662873599
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
3.932 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
39325593119564725550…78761915369662873601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
7.865 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
78651186239129451100…57523830739325747199
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
7.865 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
78651186239129451100…57523830739325747201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 5 — Twin Prime Pair (2^5 × origin ± 1)
2^5 × origin − 1
1.573 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
15730237247825890220…15047661478651494399
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 11 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★★☆☆
Rarity
RareChain length 11

Approximately 1 in 1,000 blocks. Noteworthy discoveries.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,984,089 XPM·at block #6,842,458 · updates every 60s
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