Block #840,759

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 12/5/2014, 9:30:33 AM · Difficulty 10.9742 · 5,997,788 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
79a9c40fd9c700482e904f9e98914544a353cb1ee2374dcbca48946e588dcbdf

Height

#840,759

Difficulty

10.974200

Transactions

8

Size

1.86 KB

Version

2

Bits

0af96532

Nonce

12,159,881

Timestamp

12/5/2014, 9:30:33 AM

Confirmations

5,997,788

Merkle Root

34ad6d775a956cae59bd62d82f4e85a0b4d4c1dac62502ed8be0021c69ac320d
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

4.832 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
48321443858782555936…42487102744966122879
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
4.832 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
48321443858782555936…42487102744966122879
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
4.832 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
48321443858782555936…42487102744966122881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
9.664 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
96642887717565111872…84974205489932245759
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
9.664 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
96642887717565111872…84974205489932245761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
1.932 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
19328577543513022374…69948410979864491519
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
1.932 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
19328577543513022374…69948410979864491521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
3.865 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
38657155087026044748…39896821959728983039
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
3.865 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
38657155087026044748…39896821959728983041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
7.731 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
77314310174052089497…79793643919457966079
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
7.731 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
77314310174052089497…79793643919457966081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,952,658 XPM·at block #6,838,546 · updates every 60s
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