Block #83,090

1CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the First Kind · Discovered 7/25/2013, 9:41:57 PM · Difficulty 9.2714 · 6,723,614 confirmations

1CC
Cunningham Chain of the First Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime plus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
d86247e425b1a376014bf1e40109e7708547c481e57aad31f0ac693d1c9ecbe7

Height

#83,090

Difficulty

9.271351

Transactions

1

Size

205 B

Version

2

Bits

09457746

Nonce

98,216

Timestamp

7/25/2013, 9:41:57 PM

Confirmations

6,723,614

Merkle Root

49f281b593bdbf493f1ede53018b5da85ee1c5a262349962cd7f8b4e3fe7216e
Transactions (1)
1 in → 1 out11.6200 XPM109 B
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

7.535 × 10¹⁰⁸(109-digit number)
75357193024951868951…82960853132712931619
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin − 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin − 1
7.535 × 10¹⁰⁸(109-digit number)
75357193024951868951…82960853132712931619
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
2
2^1 × origin − 1
1.507 × 10¹⁰⁹(110-digit number)
15071438604990373790…65921706265425863239
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
3
2^2 × origin − 1
3.014 × 10¹⁰⁹(110-digit number)
30142877209980747580…31843412530851726479
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
4
2^3 × origin − 1
6.028 × 10¹⁰⁹(110-digit number)
60285754419961495161…63686825061703452959
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
5
2^4 × origin − 1
1.205 × 10¹¹⁰(111-digit number)
12057150883992299032…27373650123406905919
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
6
2^5 × origin − 1
2.411 × 10¹¹⁰(111-digit number)
24114301767984598064…54747300246813811839
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
7
2^6 × origin − 1
4.822 × 10¹¹⁰(111-digit number)
48228603535969196129…09494600493627623679
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
8
2^7 × origin − 1
9.645 × 10¹¹⁰(111-digit number)
96457207071938392258…18989200987255247359
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
9
2^8 × origin − 1
1.929 × 10¹¹¹(112-digit number)
19291441414387678451…37978401974510494719
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the First Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 1CC formula:

1CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ + 1, p₃ = 2p₂ + 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,697,729 XPM·at block #6,806,703 · updates every 60s
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