Block #82,880

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 7/25/2013, 6:02:49 PM · Difficulty 9.2729 · 6,723,792 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
48a67faa1428aa01f8d61d9ba581fae80c90a47309c55c4750b0c4f01f7b8915

Height

#82,880

Difficulty

9.272854

Transactions

3

Size

948 B

Version

2

Bits

0945d9bd

Nonce

209,084

Timestamp

7/25/2013, 6:02:49 PM

Confirmations

6,723,792

Merkle Root

09c8e7ee1bb2be014b14721dfc3a51aa1706c183a066b752d00d496822910cf5
Transactions (3)
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.591 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
25917900002703013705…27874415425578595891
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
2.591 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
25917900002703013705…27874415425578595891
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
5.183 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
51835800005406027411…55748830851157191781
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.036 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
10367160001081205482…11497661702314383561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
2.073 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
20734320002162410964…22995323404628767121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
4.146 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
41468640004324821929…45990646809257534241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
8.293 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
82937280008649643858…91981293618515068481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.658 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
16587456001729928771…83962587237030136961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
3.317 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
33174912003459857543…67925174474060273921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
6.634 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
66349824006919715086…35850348948120547841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,697,468 XPM·at block #6,806,671 · updates every 60s
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