Block #828,164

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 11/26/2014, 12:37:47 AM · Difficulty 10.9780 · 5,977,650 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
b5ae6d4971c716083045019d6c66be19feeb8b065e8ab194c331b3c5eb6f901b

Height

#828,164

Difficulty

10.978040

Transactions

15

Size

7.50 KB

Version

2

Bits

0afa60cf

Nonce

31,583,136

Timestamp

11/26/2014, 12:37:47 AM

Confirmations

5,977,650

Merkle Root

a5d8a7d2fb6888b5502b9ce531f630817f7ba1c031d0190c87ea8af144285fcd
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

8.424 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
84243741169546059889…97027005693027156481
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
8.424 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
84243741169546059889…97027005693027156481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
1.684 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
16848748233909211977…94054011386054312961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
3.369 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
33697496467818423955…88108022772108625921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
6.739 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
67394992935636847911…76216045544217251841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
1.347 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
13478998587127369582…52432091088434503681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
2.695 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
26957997174254739164…04864182176869007361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
5.391 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
53915994348509478329…09728364353738014721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
1.078 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
10783198869701895665…19456728707476029441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
2.156 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
21566397739403791331…38913457414952058881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
4.313 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
43132795478807582663…77826914829904117761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,690,598 XPM·at block #6,805,813 · updates every 60s
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