Block #82,415

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 7/25/2013, 10:07:50 AM · Difficulty 9.2745 · 6,716,932 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
d557d4db72c5d46c47c286f07976215931320efee54c38701537937383d41788

Height

#82,415

Difficulty

9.274492

Transactions

3

Size

650 B

Version

2

Bits

09464517

Nonce

65,222

Timestamp

7/25/2013, 10:07:50 AM

Confirmations

6,716,932

Merkle Root

35a429c2fff4f52b193dd14760802bb8f0246ec9c347c8003e3a229d72ccaf2b
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.881 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
18814557176148153950…67952972053746107681
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
1.881 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
18814557176148153950…67952972053746107681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
3.762 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
37629114352296307900…35905944107492215361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
7.525 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
75258228704592615800…71811888214984430721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
1.505 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
15051645740918523160…43623776429968861441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
3.010 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
30103291481837046320…87247552859937722881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
6.020 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
60206582963674092640…74495105719875445761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.204 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
12041316592734818528…48990211439750891521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
2.408 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
24082633185469637056…97980422879501783041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
4.816 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
48165266370939274112…95960845759003566081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,638,828 XPM·at block #6,799,346 · updates every 60s
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