Block #811,017

TWNLength 11★★★☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 11/14/2014, 5:42:25 PM · Difficulty 10.9732 · 6,005,578 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
952fc6329001cf7f0af9dfd507d43189db2b6eef42e4210136a685796f78572c

Height

#811,017

Difficulty

10.973185

Transactions

9

Size

3.24 KB

Version

2

Bits

0af922a4

Nonce

276,075,171

Timestamp

11/14/2014, 5:42:25 PM

Confirmations

6,005,578

Merkle Root

6cb06eb3c7825e05511b18ac2122b5901827ca92e16be16f489f8b77ff25dffc
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.346 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
13464564052083889385…96710143598565703679
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
1.346 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
13464564052083889385…96710143598565703679
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
1.346 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
13464564052083889385…96710143598565703681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
2.692 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
26929128104167778771…93420287197131407359
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
2.692 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
26929128104167778771…93420287197131407361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
5.385 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
53858256208335557543…86840574394262814719
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
5.385 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
53858256208335557543…86840574394262814721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
1.077 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
10771651241667111508…73681148788525629439
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
1.077 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
10771651241667111508…73681148788525629441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
2.154 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
21543302483334223017…47362297577051258879
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
2.154 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
21543302483334223017…47362297577051258881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 5 — Twin Prime Pair (2^5 × origin ± 1)
2^5 × origin − 1
4.308 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
43086604966668446034…94724595154102517759
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 11 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★★☆☆
Rarity
RareChain length 11

Approximately 1 in 1,000 blocks. Noteworthy discoveries.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,776,885 XPM·at block #6,816,594 · updates every 60s
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