Block #80,875

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 7/24/2013, 10:09:02 AM · Difficulty 9.2595 · 6,732,166 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
fb811ddbca760b35e2fcf92f98c5d7ec18270383098e927d0dab6f11af7321ba

Height

#80,875

Difficulty

9.259536

Transactions

2

Size

533 B

Version

2

Bits

094270f0

Nonce

246,306

Timestamp

7/24/2013, 10:09:02 AM

Confirmations

6,732,166

Merkle Root

98535f684597aa4892e5a857b716d7770127c87240d08ff0297a469863d7006f
Transactions (2)
1 in → 1 out11.6600 XPM109 B
2 in → 1 out23.8400 XPM338 B
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

9.901 × 10⁸⁴(85-digit number)
99017817640793788272…62971781172163307921
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
9.901 × 10⁸⁴(85-digit number)
99017817640793788272…62971781172163307921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
1.980 × 10⁸⁵(86-digit number)
19803563528158757654…25943562344326615841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
3.960 × 10⁸⁵(86-digit number)
39607127056317515309…51887124688653231681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
7.921 × 10⁸⁵(86-digit number)
79214254112635030618…03774249377306463361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
1.584 × 10⁸⁶(87-digit number)
15842850822527006123…07548498754612926721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
3.168 × 10⁸⁶(87-digit number)
31685701645054012247…15096997509225853441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
6.337 × 10⁸⁶(87-digit number)
63371403290108024494…30193995018451706881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
1.267 × 10⁸⁷(88-digit number)
12674280658021604898…60387990036903413761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
2.534 × 10⁸⁷(88-digit number)
25348561316043209797…20775980073806827521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,748,372 XPM·at block #6,813,040 · updates every 60s
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