Block #79,821

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 7/23/2013, 6:26:08 PM · Difficulty 9.2429 · 6,727,782 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
516d77c5c64d81e2de2126a4a2472f3e98b76fc44528a204a358e6022013b0c2

Height

#79,821

Difficulty

9.242912

Transactions

2

Size

356 B

Version

2

Bits

093e2f83

Nonce

60

Timestamp

7/23/2013, 6:26:08 PM

Confirmations

6,727,782

Merkle Root

09a2e7e15f2a450379953167adbf5575a7d8dd154ebc9455e8f4387f89eafe27
Transactions (2)
1 in → 1 out11.7000 XPM110 B
1 in → 1 out12.3700 XPM158 B
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.800 × 10⁸⁹(90-digit number)
28000302294223455020…20799809546210475811
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
2.800 × 10⁸⁹(90-digit number)
28000302294223455020…20799809546210475811
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
5.600 × 10⁸⁹(90-digit number)
56000604588446910040…41599619092420951621
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.120 × 10⁹⁰(91-digit number)
11200120917689382008…83199238184841903241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
2.240 × 10⁹⁰(91-digit number)
22400241835378764016…66398476369683806481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
4.480 × 10⁹⁰(91-digit number)
44800483670757528032…32796952739367612961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
8.960 × 10⁹⁰(91-digit number)
89600967341515056064…65593905478735225921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.792 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
17920193468303011212…31187810957470451841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
3.584 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
35840386936606022425…62375621914940903681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
7.168 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
71680773873212044851…24751243829881807361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,704,853 XPM·at block #6,807,602 · updates every 60s
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