Block #793,665

TWNLength 11★★★☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 11/2/2014, 11:05:05 AM · Difficulty 10.9743 · 6,001,384 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
ac5667ba482589e46f7b2a49c62a40451e21e2b2394bed4cd318131a20e7e731

Height

#793,665

Difficulty

10.974314

Transactions

8

Size

1.89 KB

Version

2

Bits

0af96ca3

Nonce

206,459,953

Timestamp

11/2/2014, 11:05:05 AM

Confirmations

6,001,384

Merkle Root

77c2329e498bb0f61d084f0bb8700abb3622f70570b0bce3ff323b85019a1551
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

9.383 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
93836209692158145328…59256460087386731279
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
9.383 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
93836209692158145328…59256460087386731279
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
9.383 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
93836209692158145328…59256460087386731281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
1.876 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
18767241938431629065…18512920174773462559
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
1.876 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
18767241938431629065…18512920174773462561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
3.753 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
37534483876863258131…37025840349546925119
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
3.753 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
37534483876863258131…37025840349546925121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
7.506 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
75068967753726516262…74051680699093850239
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
7.506 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
75068967753726516262…74051680699093850241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
1.501 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
15013793550745303252…48103361398187700479
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
1.501 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
15013793550745303252…48103361398187700481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 5 — Twin Prime Pair (2^5 × origin ± 1)
2^5 × origin − 1
3.002 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
30027587101490606505…96206722796375400959
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 11 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★★☆☆
Rarity
RareChain length 11

Approximately 1 in 1,000 blocks. Noteworthy discoveries.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,604,432 XPM·at block #6,795,048 · updates every 60s
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