Block #79,013

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 7/23/2013, 5:49:20 AM · Difficulty 9.2351 · 6,730,087 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
429e18711c2253663252047a20b60a192ab5fa700da9d8df941a452428b8c50f

Height

#79,013

Difficulty

9.235117

Transactions

2

Size

4.17 KB

Version

2

Bits

093c30a7

Nonce

320

Timestamp

7/23/2013, 5:49:20 AM

Confirmations

6,730,087

Merkle Root

bdeca9c290a5c7f163cf1cafe497485e1937afcae2108fa149ef6e3bce738c8e
Transactions (2)
1 in → 1 out11.7600 XPM110 B
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.956 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
29568313614225818008…57269190157164402301
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
2.956 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
29568313614225818008…57269190157164402301
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
5.913 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
59136627228451636016…14538380314328804601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.182 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
11827325445690327203…29076760628657609201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
2.365 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
23654650891380654406…58153521257315218401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
4.730 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
47309301782761308813…16307042514630436801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
9.461 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
94618603565522617626…32614085029260873601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.892 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
18923720713104523525…65228170058521747201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
3.784 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
37847441426209047050…30456340117043494401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
7.569 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
75694882852418094100…60912680234086988801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,716,854 XPM·at block #6,809,099 · updates every 60s
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