Block #776,599

TWNLength 11★★★☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 10/20/2014, 9:57:03 AM · Difficulty 10.9813 · 6,038,324 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
cebc99c96bc1bd574527901775ad5e7abd4e4f3543e8fc382a95b9136651964c

Height

#776,599

Difficulty

10.981299

Transactions

11

Size

4.28 KB

Version

2

Bits

0afb3670

Nonce

309,133,163

Timestamp

10/20/2014, 9:57:03 AM

Confirmations

6,038,324

Merkle Root

a4708608e8ea20cea14129ca5822d1b487c440fbd5bb2c3fbb7ceb54d6101b06
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

7.445 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
74455825736409795352…42415739866062492009
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
7.445 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
74455825736409795352…42415739866062492009
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
7.445 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
74455825736409795352…42415739866062492011
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
1.489 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
14891165147281959070…84831479732124984019
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
1.489 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
14891165147281959070…84831479732124984021
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
2.978 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
29782330294563918140…69662959464249968039
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
2.978 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
29782330294563918140…69662959464249968041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
5.956 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
59564660589127836281…39325918928499936079
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
5.956 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
59564660589127836281…39325918928499936081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
1.191 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
11912932117825567256…78651837856999872159
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
1.191 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
11912932117825567256…78651837856999872161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 5 — Twin Prime Pair (2^5 × origin ± 1)
2^5 × origin − 1
2.382 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
23825864235651134512…57303675713999744319
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 11 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★★☆☆
Rarity
RareChain length 11

Approximately 1 in 1,000 blocks. Noteworthy discoveries.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,763,477 XPM·at block #6,814,922 · updates every 60s
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