Block #75,222

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 7/21/2013, 3:19:31 PM · Difficulty 8.9960 · 6,727,270 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
81997f0308b603f3e90de3081a59f7f9c3f7cc40b3f71148a1e68bdaf5ab86f0

Height

#75,222

Difficulty

8.995980

Transactions

2

Size

2.20 KB

Version

2

Bits

08fef88b

Nonce

100

Timestamp

7/21/2013, 3:19:31 PM

Confirmations

6,727,270

Merkle Root

2cdbb0c4fc21c5dc9b9b130016d99e541cea666c37d478644e801736f3429c4a
Transactions (2)
1 in → 1 out12.3700 XPM110 B
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

4.856 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
48563598477104279757…33569432031433936001
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
4.856 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
48563598477104279757…33569432031433936001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
9.712 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
97127196954208559514…67138864062867872001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.942 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
19425439390841711902…34277728125735744001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
3.885 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
38850878781683423805…68555456251471488001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
7.770 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
77701757563366847611…37110912502942976001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
1.554 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
15540351512673369522…74221825005885952001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
3.108 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
31080703025346739044…48443650011771904001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
6.216 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
62161406050693478089…96887300023543808001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
1.243 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
12432281210138695617…93774600047087616001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,663,950 XPM·at block #6,802,491 · updates every 60s
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