Block #74,785

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 7/21/2013, 12:58:59 PM · Difficulty 8.9957 · 6,716,978 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
43e4a935f88a5e9ffc6dc324d0bf20aa3fbd953bee1cef8788157eaa834a0912

Height

#74,785

Difficulty

8.995722

Transactions

2

Size

872 B

Version

2

Bits

08fee7a7

Nonce

269

Timestamp

7/21/2013, 12:58:59 PM

Confirmations

6,716,978

Merkle Root

9a0a126b126dd183b982d01d932b336b8f03c48201cc448f3db7f9ef8d9168f0
Transactions (2)
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

3.170 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
31709393782035350267…73712712740937174721
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
3.170 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
31709393782035350267…73712712740937174721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
6.341 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
63418787564070700534…47425425481874349441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.268 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
12683757512814140106…94850850963748698881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
2.536 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
25367515025628280213…89701701927497397761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
5.073 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
50735030051256560427…79403403854994795521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
1.014 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
10147006010251312085…58806807709989591041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
2.029 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
20294012020502624170…17613615419979182081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
4.058 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
40588024041005248341…35227230839958364161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
8.117 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
81176048082010496683…70454461679916728321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,578,050 XPM·at block #6,791,762 · updates every 60s
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