Block #726,971

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 9/18/2014, 6:45:17 AM · Difficulty 10.9612 · 6,068,848 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
38c288fbfbabaa2125f40caacf8ea050c173d3ba4f15b7adca67a6d32235ed6d

Height

#726,971

Difficulty

10.961227

Transactions

6

Size

40.33 KB

Version

2

Bits

0af61300

Nonce

210,892,121

Timestamp

9/18/2014, 6:45:17 AM

Confirmations

6,068,848

Merkle Root

cb4e268953c9ef53dee313998112372f47993a1fa499db71d1ce5582fed5857d
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

3.043 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
30430564232984184289…32224658443694755239
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
3.043 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
30430564232984184289…32224658443694755239
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
3.043 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
30430564232984184289…32224658443694755241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
6.086 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
60861128465968368578…64449316887389510479
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
6.086 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
60861128465968368578…64449316887389510481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
1.217 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
12172225693193673715…28898633774779020959
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
1.217 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
12172225693193673715…28898633774779020961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
2.434 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
24344451386387347431…57797267549558041919
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
2.434 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
24344451386387347431…57797267549558041921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
4.868 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
48688902772774694863…15594535099116083839
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
4.868 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
48688902772774694863…15594535099116083841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,610,634 XPM·at block #6,795,818 · updates every 60s
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