Block #712,287

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 9/8/2014, 12:01:10 PM · Difficulty 10.9559 · 6,103,509 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
25bbf6796abe0b40060d670796619091e1b155335c92fdf459b5fb4584c5ed68

Height

#712,287

Difficulty

10.955860

Transactions

6

Size

1.30 KB

Version

2

Bits

0af4b344

Nonce

1,072,708,354

Timestamp

9/8/2014, 12:01:10 PM

Confirmations

6,103,509

Merkle Root

485bc45418d03ee1b242fd57d3ea6631a32c90532755abf439cd0ec0f3be4e5a
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.105 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
11053520151010276930…09357499837740096001
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
1.105 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
11053520151010276930…09357499837740096001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
2.210 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
22107040302020553861…18714999675480192001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
4.421 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
44214080604041107723…37429999350960384001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
8.842 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
88428161208082215446…74859998701920768001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
1.768 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
17685632241616443089…49719997403841536001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
3.537 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
35371264483232886178…99439994807683072001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
7.074 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
70742528966465772356…98879989615366144001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
1.414 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
14148505793293154471…97759979230732288001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
2.829 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
28297011586586308942…95519958461464576001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
5.659 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
56594023173172617885…91039916922929152001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,770,472 XPM·at block #6,815,795 · updates every 60s
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