Block #680,401

1CCLength 11★★★☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the First Kind · Discovered 8/16/2014, 5:18:16 PM · Difficulty 10.9623 · 6,118,929 confirmations

1CC
Cunningham Chain of the First Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime plus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
5a952e90a5c262e0556533155985732caa3cc8bf6af760ce09b9edf42bcb8916

Height

#680,401

Difficulty

10.962314

Transactions

3

Size

804 B

Version

2

Bits

0af65a37

Nonce

392,161,270

Timestamp

8/16/2014, 5:18:16 PM

Confirmations

6,118,929

Merkle Root

bb7e0753ae940e63cbbb35b8f4cd4825ef55a6744d0958a5edf0fd6e9736f850
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

9.211 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
92110912881502121817…23091547302289637519
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin − 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin − 1
9.211 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
92110912881502121817…23091547302289637519
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
2
2^1 × origin − 1
1.842 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
18422182576300424363…46183094604579275039
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
3
2^2 × origin − 1
3.684 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
36844365152600848727…92366189209158550079
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
4
2^3 × origin − 1
7.368 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
73688730305201697454…84732378418317100159
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
5
2^4 × origin − 1
1.473 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
14737746061040339490…69464756836634200319
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
6
2^5 × origin − 1
2.947 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
29475492122080678981…38929513673268400639
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
7
2^6 × origin − 1
5.895 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
58950984244161357963…77859027346536801279
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
8
2^7 × origin − 1
1.179 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
11790196848832271592…55718054693073602559
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
9
2^8 × origin − 1
2.358 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
23580393697664543185…11436109386147205119
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
10
2^9 × origin − 1
4.716 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
47160787395329086370…22872218772294410239
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
11
2^10 × origin − 1
9.432 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
94321574790658172741…45744437544588820479
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 11 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the First Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★★☆☆
Rarity
RareChain length 11

Approximately 1 in 1,000 blocks. Noteworthy discoveries.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 1CC formula:

1CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ + 1, p₃ = 2p₂ + 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,638,690 XPM·at block #6,799,329 · updates every 60s
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