Block #673,855

2CCLength 11★★★☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 8/11/2014, 8:45:40 PM · Difficulty 10.9653 · 6,132,061 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
05ee8a8fa21ed24ecd41c7b6c69b30386c06e4d49ec0898bdf6b42e44daab776

Height

#673,855

Difficulty

10.965300

Transactions

4

Size

884 B

Version

2

Bits

0af71de0

Nonce

194,614,844

Timestamp

8/11/2014, 8:45:40 PM

Confirmations

6,132,061

Merkle Root

3b4c77bd780cad59b68f3bac77e2d864b02e2be195bf6d7bde5fce95b558b2d6
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

6.309 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
63090930719459877861…17653204836309396481
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
6.309 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
63090930719459877861…17653204836309396481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
1.261 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
12618186143891975572…35306409672618792961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
2.523 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
25236372287783951144…70612819345237585921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
5.047 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
50472744575567902289…41225638690475171841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
1.009 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
10094548915113580457…82451277380950343681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
2.018 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
20189097830227160915…64902554761900687361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
4.037 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
40378195660454321831…29805109523801374721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
8.075 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
80756391320908643662…59610219047602749441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
1.615 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
16151278264181728732…19220438095205498881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
3.230 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
32302556528363457464…38440876190410997761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
11
2^10 × origin + 1
6.460 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
64605113056726914929…76881752380821995521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 11 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★★☆☆
Rarity
RareChain length 11

Approximately 1 in 1,000 blocks. Noteworthy discoveries.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,691,418 XPM·at block #6,805,915 · updates every 60s
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