Block #666,733

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 8/7/2014, 5:41:04 AM · Difficulty 10.9617 · 6,139,059 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
3110c647879b4517c9f5ab1dc7c672d86c92eefc73270433ab17b755de10c6f5

Height

#666,733

Difficulty

10.961745

Transactions

9

Size

2.11 KB

Version

2

Bits

0af634e5

Nonce

265,536

Timestamp

8/7/2014, 5:41:04 AM

Confirmations

6,139,059

Merkle Root

645db3d40409920fd4b33f71e8ae4d8a8169090341de9408f864df9b7898331c
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

3.503 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
35034725077895357875…35432512922074254561
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
3.503 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
35034725077895357875…35432512922074254561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
7.006 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
70069450155790715750…70865025844148509121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.401 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
14013890031158143150…41730051688297018241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
2.802 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
28027780062316286300…83460103376594036481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
5.605 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
56055560124632572600…66920206753188072961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
1.121 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
11211112024926514520…33840413506376145921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
2.242 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
22422224049853029040…67680827012752291841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
4.484 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
44844448099706058080…35361654025504583681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
8.968 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
89688896199412116160…70723308051009167361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
1.793 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
17937779239882423232…41446616102018334721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,690,419 XPM·at block #6,805,791 · updates every 60s
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