Block #66,463

2CCLength 8★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 7/19/2013, 5:38:23 PM · Difficulty 8.9862 · 6,732,883 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
d116c62b3e8c14afbfb42f209ceee5fffc09b51925f504a02408ced5fe3aa1e2

Height

#66,463

Difficulty

8.986235

Transactions

2

Size

9.28 KB

Version

2

Bits

08fc79ed

Nonce

28

Timestamp

7/19/2013, 5:38:23 PM

Confirmations

6,732,883

Merkle Root

810d2f2f15e16718e2dfb5325e60f97e5891246e7a814bfc9774885ad668468d
Transactions (2)
1 in → 1 out12.4700 XPM110 B
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.428 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
14284582404512845680…95367583873089411601
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
1.428 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
14284582404512845680…95367583873089411601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
2.856 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
28569164809025691361…90735167746178823201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
5.713 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
57138329618051382723…81470335492357646401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
1.142 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
11427665923610276544…62940670984715292801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
2.285 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
22855331847220553089…25881341969430585601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
4.571 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
45710663694441106178…51762683938861171201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
9.142 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
91421327388882212356…03525367877722342401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
1.828 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
18284265477776442471…07050735755444684801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 8 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 8

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,638,820 XPM·at block #6,799,345 · updates every 60s
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