Block #664,474

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 8/5/2014, 10:34:11 PM · Difficulty 10.9586 · 6,141,740 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
67330491f9e31c45f3d6623e3ca8b967d40053754b0f4916a9297cc8fc5603cd

Height

#664,474

Difficulty

10.958625

Transactions

3

Size

806 B

Version

2

Bits

0af56874

Nonce

1,597,074,122

Timestamp

8/5/2014, 10:34:11 PM

Confirmations

6,141,740

Merkle Root

5860b3dbedb688df65a07015a1a7887b002a2a64bfd845b565940651bf092fae
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.367 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
23674109858867399707…31452986777833642081
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
2.367 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
23674109858867399707…31452986777833642081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
4.734 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
47348219717734799414…62905973555667284161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
9.469 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
94696439435469598829…25811947111334568321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
1.893 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
18939287887093919765…51623894222669136641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
3.787 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
37878575774187839531…03247788445338273281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
7.575 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
75757151548375679063…06495576890676546561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.515 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
15151430309675135812…12991153781353093121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
3.030 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
30302860619350271625…25982307562706186241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
6.060 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
60605721238700543250…51964615125412372481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
1.212 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
12121144247740108650…03929230250824744961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,693,792 XPM·at block #6,806,213 · updates every 60s
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