Block #64,452

1CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the First Kind · Discovered 7/19/2013, 7:31:18 AM · Difficulty 8.9817 · 6,743,241 confirmations

1CC
Cunningham Chain of the First Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime plus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
a96e1ae3d9db389e4d76e1c69677e8ce9b1155da0d2693bd6c47275a3f386976

Height

#64,452

Difficulty

8.981724

Transactions

2

Size

718 B

Version

2

Bits

08fb5243

Nonce

355

Timestamp

7/19/2013, 7:31:18 AM

Confirmations

6,743,241

Merkle Root

9f8d8116418fe43c2549c2dff764586777c2984d3f5fded54a650da148e01205
Transactions (2)
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.985 × 10⁹⁰(91-digit number)
19854453999648118662…38912359347106629899
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin − 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin − 1
1.985 × 10⁹⁰(91-digit number)
19854453999648118662…38912359347106629899
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
2
2^1 × origin − 1
3.970 × 10⁹⁰(91-digit number)
39708907999296237324…77824718694213259799
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
3
2^2 × origin − 1
7.941 × 10⁹⁰(91-digit number)
79417815998592474648…55649437388426519599
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
4
2^3 × origin − 1
1.588 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
15883563199718494929…11298874776853039199
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
5
2^4 × origin − 1
3.176 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
31767126399436989859…22597749553706078399
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
6
2^5 × origin − 1
6.353 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
63534252798873979718…45195499107412156799
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
7
2^6 × origin − 1
1.270 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
12706850559774795943…90390998214824313599
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
8
2^7 × origin − 1
2.541 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
25413701119549591887…80781996429648627199
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
9
2^8 × origin − 1
5.082 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
50827402239099183775…61563992859297254399
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the First Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 1CC formula:

1CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ + 1, p₃ = 2p₂ + 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,705,573 XPM·at block #6,807,692 · updates every 60s
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