Block #643,736

2CCLength 11★★★☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 7/22/2014, 5:46:49 PM · Difficulty 10.9555 · 6,159,793 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
591656d494066f1e7e166fb60f25c9732d83cd54a2843a81a65b14ecb2038b5d

Height

#643,736

Difficulty

10.955544

Transactions

1

Size

799 B

Version

2

Bits

0af49e87

Nonce

22

Timestamp

7/22/2014, 5:46:49 PM

Confirmations

6,159,793

Merkle Root

673a5c3daffd13822f1c89130cd8441126c675228add48b18edbde9f117fcce5
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

7.710 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
77102909525077627293…85643089402898432751
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
7.710 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
77102909525077627293…85643089402898432751
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
1.542 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
15420581905015525458…71286178805796865501
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
3.084 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
30841163810031050917…42572357611593731001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
6.168 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
61682327620062101834…85144715223187462001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
1.233 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
12336465524012420366…70289430446374924001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
2.467 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
24672931048024840733…40578860892749848001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
4.934 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
49345862096049681467…81157721785499696001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
9.869 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
98691724192099362935…62315443570999392001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
1.973 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
19738344838419872587…24630887141998784001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
3.947 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
39476689676839745174…49261774283997568001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
11
2^10 × origin + 1
7.895 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
78953379353679490348…98523548567995136001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 11 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★★☆☆
Rarity
RareChain length 11

Approximately 1 in 1,000 blocks. Noteworthy discoveries.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,672,260 XPM·at block #6,803,528 · updates every 60s
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